शेयर बाजार में ROE और ROCE क्या हैं (उदाहरण सहित समझें)

Share Market mein ROE aur ROCE kya hote hain? (Detailed aur simple examples ke sath)

इस पोस्ट में आप जानेंगे-

1. ROE (Return on Equity) kya hai?

ROE ka full form hai “Return on Equity,” jo company ke shareholders ke investment par hone wale return ko dikhata hai.

Aasan bhaasha mein, ROE batata hai ki company apne shareholders ke dwara diye gaye paiso ka kitna achhe se upyog kar rahi hai aur kitna munafa kama rahi hai.

Yeh company ki profitability aur shareholders ke paiso ka kitna achha istemal ho raha hai, yeh measure karta hai.

ROE ka formula hota hai:

ROE = (Net Income / Shareholders’ Equity) × 100

ROE kaise calculate karte hain? (Example ke sath)

Agar kisi company ka shuddh munafa ₹100 crore hai aur shareholders ki equity ₹500 crore hai, toh ROE hoga:

ROE = (100/500) × 100 = 20%

Iska matlab yeh hai ki company apne shareholders ke paiso par 20% ka return kama rahi hai.

Accha ROE kitna hota hai?

Generally, ek accha ROE 15%-20% ya usse zyada mana jata hai. Agar kisi company ka ROE is range mein hai, toh yeh dikhata hai ki company apne paiso ka achha upyog kar rahi hai.

Agar ROE bahut kam hai, jaise 5% ya 10%, toh iska matlab hai ki company shareholders ka paisa efficiently use nahi kar pa rahi hai.

Example:

Hindustan Unilever (HUL) ka ROE 80% ke aaspaas hai. Yeh dikhata hai ki company apne shareholders ke paiso par kaafi high return kama rahi hai.
Dusri taraf, Tata Motors ka ROE pichhle kuchh saalon mein kaafi low raha hai, jo dikhata hai ki company shareholders ke paiso ka utna achha istemal nahi kar paayi hai.

2. ROCE (Return on Capital Employed) kya hai?

ROCE ka matlab hai “Return on Capital Employed,” jo company ke total capital par hone wale munafe ko measure karta hai.

Yeh batata hai ki company apne total assets ya capital ka kitna effectively upyog kar rahi hai, chahe woh paisa shareholders ne diya ho ya lenders (debt).

ROCE ka formula:

ROCE = (EBIT / (Total Debt + Shareholders’ Equity)) × 100

ROCE kaise calculate karte hain? (Example ke sath)

Agar ek company ka EBIT ₹200 crore hai aur uska total capital employed (shareholders’ equity + debt) ₹1000 crore hai, toh ROCE hoga:

ROCE = (200/1000) × 100 = 20%

Iska matlab yeh hai ki company apne total capital ka 20% effectively use kar rahi hai.

Accha ROCE kitna hota hai?

Ek accha ROCE 15%-20% ya usse zyada mana jata hai.

Yeh dikhata hai ki company apne capital ka achha upyog kar rahi hai. Agar ROCE bahut kam hai, toh iska matlab hai ki company apne resources ko efficiently use nahi kar pa rahi hai.

Example:

Infosys ka ROCE 30% ke aaspaas hai, jo batata hai ki company apne capital ka kaafi achha istemal kar rahi hai.
Jet Airways jaisi companies ka ROCE kaafi low tha, jo inke business performance ki kami ko dikhata hai.

ROE aur ROCE mein antar kya hai?

ROE sirf shareholders ke capital par return ko measure karta hai.
ROCE total capital (shareholders ka paisa + debt) par return ko measure karta hai.

Isliye, ROCE ek company ki efficiency ka broader measure hota hai, kyunki yeh company ke pure capital ka upyog kitna effectively ho raha hai, yeh dikhata hai.

ROE aur ROCE donon achhe kyun hone chahiye?

Ek strong company ke liye dono hi ratios kaafi important hain. Agar kisi company ka ROE aur ROCE dono high hain, toh iska matlab hai ki company shareholders ke paiso aur apne total capital dono ka efficient istemal kar rahi hai.

Agar kisi company ka ROE high ho par ROCE low ho, toh iska matlab ho sakta hai ki company bahut zyada debt le rahi hai aur uska upyog achhe se nahi kar pa rahi hai.

Example:

Asian Paints ka ROE aur ROCE dono high hain, jo batata hai ki company apne capital ka achhe se upyog kar rahi hai aur shareholders ko high returns mil rahe hain.
Vodafone Idea ka ROCE aur ROE dono low hain, jo inki financial struggles ko dikhata hai.

CONCLUSION

ROE aur ROCE dono hi important financial ratios hain jo investors ko yeh samajhne mein madad karte hain ki kisi company ki financial health kaisi hai.

Aap in dono ratios ko dekhkar yeh samajh sakte hain ki company apne resources ka kitna efficiently upyog kar rahi hai aur shareholders ke liye kitna return kama rahi hai.

IMPORTANT POINTS:

ROE shareholders ke capital par return ko measure karta hai.
ROCE total capital par return ko measure karta hai.
15%-20% ka ROE aur ROCE accha mana jata hai.
High ROE aur ROCE wali companies zyada attractive hoti hain long-term investors ke liye.

Is tarah aap ROE aur ROCE ko samajh kar kisi bhi company ki performance ko evaluate kar sakte hain aur apne investments ko wisely plan kar sakte hain.

ये भी पढ़ें–

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